Gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA]
from class:
Nutrition for Nurses
Definition
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system that inhibits nerve transmission, promoting relaxation and reducing neuronal excitability. It plays a critical role in maintaining balance between neural excitation and inhibition.
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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- GABA is synthesized from glutamate through the action of the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD).
- Dietary intake of certain nutrients like magnesium and vitamin B6 can influence GABA synthesis.
- Low levels of GABA are associated with neurological disorders such as anxiety, epilepsy, and insomnia.
- GABA receptors are classified into two main types: GABAA and GABAB, each with different functions and mechanisms.
- Foods rich in GABA or its precursors include fermented foods like yogurt and kimchi, nuts, seeds, bananas, and spinach.
Review Questions
- What role does GABA play in the central nervous system?
- How can diet impact the synthesis of GABA?
- Which neurological disorders are commonly associated with low levels of GABA?
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